Basics
The bibliography, or reference list, appears at the end of the paper in alphabetical order if cited by author and date or in numerical order if cited by numbers. Different reference formats (book vs journal vs website) have different rules for citation. See below for some common format examples.
Websites
Author, A. (if available). Site Title. URL (date accessed Month Day, year).
Example: ACS Publications Home Page. http://pubs.acs.org (accessed July 27, 2015).
Example: Harris, W. How Aluminum Works. http://science.howstuffworks.com/aluminum.htm (accessed July 27, 2015).
NOTE: The minimum required information for a website is the site title, URL, and date accessed. Include the author name if one is listed. Add "Home Page" to website titles as needed.
Newspapers
Author, Name. Title of Article. Title of Newspaper, Month, Day, Year, p x.
Example: Tavernise, Sabrina. Unraveling the Relationship Between Climate Change and Health. The New York Times, July 13, 2015.
Books and Book Chapters
Book
Author, A.; Author, B. Title of Book; Publisher: City of publication, Year.
Example: Karlin, K.D.; Itoh, S. Copper-Oxygen Chemistry; Wiley: Hoboken, 2011.
Book Chapter
Author, A. Title of Chapter. In Title of Book; Editor A., Ed.; Publisher: City of publication; pp xx-xx.
Example: Cabelli, D.E. Radiolysis of Metalloproteins. In Recent Trends in Radiation Chemistry; Rao B.S.M.; Wishart J.F., Eds.; World Scientific: Singapore, 2010; pp 485-508.
NOTE: The minimum required information for a book is author or editor, book title, publisher, city of publication, and year of publication. Omit words like "Company," "Inc," "Publisher," and "Press" in publishers' names.
Journal Articles
Author, A.; Author, B.; Author, C. Article Title. Abbreviated Journal Title Year of publication, Volume number, pages.
Example: Gordon, M.J.; Qin, X.; Kutana, A.; Giapis, K.P. Gas-surface Chemical Reactions at High Collision Energies? J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 13, 1927-1930.
Example: Vasyunin, A.I.; Sobolev, A.M.; Wiebe, D.S.; Semenov, D.A. Influence of Uncertainties in the Rate Constants of Chemical Reactions on Astrochemical Modeling Results. Astron. Lett. [Online] 2004, 30, 566-576.
NOTE: The minimum required information for a journal is author, abbreviated journal title, year, publication, volume number, and initial page of cited article, though complete pagination is possible. Journal abbreviation and volume are italicized. Year of publication is bolded. Use CASSI (Chemical Abstracts Service Source Index) to find standard journal abbreviations. If you find the article online, put [Online] after the journal name, but do not include the URL.
Patents
NOTE: In these examples, M. K.Stern and B. K. Cheng are inventors and “Monsanto Co., USA” is the assignee.
Example: Stern, M. K.; Cheng, B. K. M. (Monsanto Co., USA). Process for Preparing N-(p-nitroaryl)amides via Reaction of Nitrobenzene with Nitriles. US Patent 5,380,946, January 10, 1995.
Example: Stern, M. K.; Cheng, B. K. M. (Monsanto Co., USA). Process for Preparing N-(p-nitroaryl)amides via Reaction of Nitrobenzene with Nitriles. US Patent 5,380,946, 1995; SciFinder Scholar AN 1995:354698 (accessed 2/2/08).
MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheets)
Hard copy (paper) MSDS
Titanium Dioxide; MSDS No. T3627; Mallinckrodt Baker: Phillipsburg, NJ, November 12, 2003.
MSDS obtained from an Internet search
Titanium Dioxide; MSDS No. T3627 [Online]; Mallinckrodt Baker: Phillipsburg, NJ, November 12, 2003.http://www.jtbaker.com/msds/
englishhtml/t3627.htm (accessed 4/15/08).
MSDS obtained from a database source such as CCOHS
Titanium Dioxide; MSDS No. T3627 [Online]; Mallinckrodt Baker: Phillipsburg, NJ, November 12, 2003. Available from Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety. http://website.com (accessed 4/15/14).
